Countries

According to the 2021/2022 Human Development Report, around three million people live in the Caucasian country, 90 % of whom belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church. The population of the presidential republic, which has been independent since 1991, is still suffering from the consequences of the...

Ethiopia has a population of about 113 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. The country in northeastern Africa faces various challenges such as rapid population growth, locust infestations, droughts, progressive soil erosion and resource shortages. The Tigray conflict...

The People's Republic of Bangladesh has a population of about 165 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. Although the poverty rate is declining, about 24 % of the population lived in poverty in 2018, according to the World Bank. Cox's Bazar in the south of the country is home...

The exclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, 99 % of which is inhabited by Armenians, has been the Republic of Arzakh since 2017, is located on the territory of Azerbaijan and is not recognised as a state under international law. The region has been disputed between Armenia and Azerbaijan for more than 100...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Bolivia has a population of about ten million. Christianity is predominant, with a strong influence from natural religions. Many Bolivians live in poverty. Nevertheless, there is a high literacy rate. The South American country combines a high...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, twelve million people live in the Republic of Burundi. More than half of the population are Christians. A civil war raged from 1993 to 2005. To date, the country has barely recovered from its consequences. In addition, the people are struggling...

The DR Congo is the second largest country in Africa in terms of area and the fourth largest with a population of around 100 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. The country is also one of the richest in raw materials in the world. Nevertheless, it is one of the poorest due...

With over 17 million inhabitants according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Guatemala is the most populous state in Central America. The country has experienced dictatorships and prolonged civil wars in the 20th century. Gang crime, environmental problems caused by rigid mining, great...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, eleven million people live in Haiti. The island nation has not yet recovered from the consequences of the severe earthquake in 2010 and the renewed quakes in 2021. Poverty, a high illiteracy rate and a deficient health care system determine the...

With over 1.4 billion inhabitants, India is the most populous country in the world according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. Major challenges are overpopulation as well as cyclones, tsunamis and other natural disasters. Unemployment, poverty and hunger are the consequences. Women and...

The world's largest island nation with a tropical, hot and humid climate is spread over 17,508 islands. Religious freedom is significantly restricted in Indonesia, as residents must profess one of five recognised world religions. There are also many health problems caused by industrial air pollution...

The Iraqi population is still suffering from the consequences of the civil war today. From 2014 to 2017, the so-called Islamic State (IS) controlled large parts of the country and was fought by the Iraqi army and allies at the end of 2017. IS atrocities and bloody fighting resulted in countless...

According to the Fragile States Index 2022, Yemen is considered the most unstable country in the world. When civil war broke out between Sunni and Shiite factions in 2015, several million people fled the armed fighting. Despite current peace negotiations, the people are in a dire situation: as a...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Kenya is home to around 55 million people from more than 40 ethnic groups. Conditions in the country are characterised by great regional differences. Serious human rights violations, high infant and maternal mortality rates, ethnic conflicts and...

Because of its economic stability and political neutrality, Lebanon was considered the "Switzerland of the Orient" in the 1950s and 1960s. In the decades that followed, wars and economic crises disrupted the state in the Near East. The influx of numerous refugees from Syria since 2011 has put...

Madagascar is considered one of the ten countries most at risk from climate change worldwide. The second largest island nation in terms of area on our planet is frequently hit by the effects of climate change. Natural forces such as hurricanes, floods and droughts threaten the livelihood of the...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, the majority of Malawi's nearly 20 million inhabitants live from agriculture. Large parts of the country are regularly hit by weather extremes such as droughts. Harvests fail, straining the nutritional situation of many smallholder farmers.

Mozambique has been struggling with various problems since a civil war that lasted for years in the 20th century. Child labor and poverty among the elderly are widespread. Major challenges in the country are also the consequences of climate change. Cyclones and the resulting floods destroy fields...

Nepal is an agricultural country. However, due to very low and high monsoon rainfall, agriculture is severely affected in some areas. The consequences of the strong earthquakes of 2015 and the floods in 2017 continue to burden many people. According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, the...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, Peru has a population of more than 33 million. In recent years, the poverty rate and income inequality have fallen. However, indigenous communities and families in rural areas feel little of this. They often live in poverty and have no secure...

The Philippines is the fifth largest island nation in the world in terms of area. Typhoons and tropical storms occur there throughout the year. According to the Human Development Reports 2021/2022, the effects of climate change are having a severe impact on the country's nearly 114 million...

After the Hutu genocide of the Tutsi in 1994, the human rights situation in Rwanda has improved for its more than 13 million inhabitants, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. However, restrictions on freedom of expression, media freedom and freedom of association remain problematic...

According to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, around 19 million people live in the South African state. It has a mild tropical climate with three seasons: cool dry season, hot dry season and rainy season. Zambia has some water resources, including Victoria Falls. Nevertheless, many...

In the 1990s, Zimbabwe was considered one of the economically strongest countries in Africa. As part of a land reform in 2000, farmland was expropriated from peasant farms and redistributed. The result was a collapse of the economy. As a result, and due to an increase in weather extremes such as...

Sudan was the largest country in Africa in terms of area until South Sudan's independence referendum on July 9, 2011. Now, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022, about 45 million people live there. It has a tropical climate with extreme periods of drought and a rainy season from April...

On July 9, 2011, South Sudan gained independence from Sudan to the north. Since then, however, various ethnic groups have been fighting for power. From 2013 to 2018, a civil war raged between the ethnic groups Dinka and Nuer - hundreds of thousands of people died and several million fled to other...

In Syria, ongoing conflict, destroyed infrastructure and economic challenges have created the world's largest number of internally displaced people. Access to basic needs such as water, electricity and healthcare is increasingly limited in the Middle Eastern nation. As a result, 15.3 million people...

Poverty and hunger are widespread in Uganda despite economic growth. Climate change threatens the country's development. Extreme droughts are affecting the country's population of around 46 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. Crop failures are occurring. Only just under...

The republic is Europe's second-largest country by area and has a population of more than 43 million, according to the Human Development Report 2021/2022. In February 2014, a conflict broke out between Russia and Ukraine over the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea, which continues to this day. Since then...

Vietnam has a tropical to temperate tropical climate. During the rainy season between May and October, typhoons often rage, threatening the population with flooding time and again. Slash and burn and deforestation are further challenges in the country. According to the Human Development Report 2021...